Endometrial cancer types

Endometrial cancer is cancer that arises from the uterus inner lining layer or what is called the endometrium. Usually, Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. Several risk factors have been identified including: 

1. Starting menstruation at an early age
2. Hormonal breast cancer therapy 
3. Older age 
4. No previous history of pregnancy 
5. Lynch syndrome or an inherited colon cancer syndrome
6. Some disease conditions may increase the estrogen level in the body.
7. Obesity 

Interestingly, while taking estrogen alone increases the risk of endometrial cancer, the combination of estrogen and progestogen decreases the risk of endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer has been classified into different types and sub-types including: 

1. Adenoacanthoma
2. Adenocarcinoma
3. Adenosquamous
4. Villoglandular adenocarcinoma
5. Secretory carcinoma
6. Ciliated carcinoma

Endometrial cancer symptoms are easy to be noticed and include the following: 

1. Pain during intercourse
2. Pelvic pain
3. Vaginal bleeding after menopause
4. Bleeding between periods

90% of endometrial cancer cases are usually treated through surgery. Moreover, chemotherapy including paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and carboplatin is considered as a cornerstone in the management of endometrial cancer. Despite that, there are new targeted molecules that started to prove their efficacy including Everolimus (M-TOR), lenvatinib (TK) & pembrolizumab (MAB). Additionally, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy are considered in some cases.